[Solved] OOP345-Workshop 2 Move and Copy Semantics

In this workshop, you work with a large dynamically allocated array of C++ Standard Library strings and compare the performance of copy and move operations on that collection.

## *In-Lab*

This workshop consists of three modules: `w2` (supplied) `TimedEvents` `Text`

Enclose all your source code within the `sdds` namespace and include the necessary guards in each header file.

### `w2` Module (supplied)

**Do not modify this module!** Look at the code and make sure you understand it.

### `TimedEvents` Module

Design and code a class named `TimedEvents` that manages a **statically** allocated array of record objects. Your class predefines the maximum number of record objects at 7. The **instance variables** for your class should include: the number of records currently stored the start time for the current event (an object of type `std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point`; see documentation [here](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/time_point)) the end time for the current event (an object of type `std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point`) an array of records of anonymous structure type (the structure has no name). The structure should contain the following fields: a string with the event name. a string with the predefined units of time the duration of the recorded event (an object of type `std::chrono::steady_clock::duration`; see documentation [here](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/duration))

Your class includes the following member functions: a default constructor `startClock()`: a modifier that starts the timer for an event `stopClock()`: a modifier that stops the timer for an event `recordEvent()`: a modifier that receives the address of a C-style null terminated string that holds the name of the event. This function will update the next time-record in the array: stores the parameter into the name attribute stores `nanoseconds` as the units of time calculates and stores the duration of the event (use `std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>()`, see documentation [here](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/duration/duration_cast)) a **friend insertion operator** that receives a reference to an `std::ostream` object and a `TimedEvents` object. This operator should insert in the first parameter the records from the array in the following format:

`Execution Times:EVENT_NAME DURATION UNITSEVENT_NAME DURATION UNITS`

The **name** of the event should be a field of size 20, alligned on the left; the **duration** should be a field of size 12, alligned on the right.

Starting and stopping the timer means getting the current time (use `std::chrono::steady_clock::now()`; see documentation [here](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/steady_clock/now)).

### `Text` Module

Design and code a class named `Text` that manages a **dynamically** allocated array of `std::string`s. Your class keeps track of the number of strings currently stored and defines the following member functions: a no-argument default constructor a 1-argument constructor that receives the address of a C-style null terminated string containing the name of a file from which this member function populates the current object. This function1. reads the file to count the number of records present (the record delimiter should be a single space ` `)2. allocates memory for that number records in the array3. re-reads the file and loads the records into the array. a copy constructor a copy assignment operator a destructor `size_t size() const`: a query that returns the number of records stored in the current object.

To review the syntax for reading from a text file using an `std::ifstream` object see the chapter in your notes entitled [Custom File Operators](https://scs.senecac.on.ca/~BTP200/pages/content/files.html).

### Sample Output

When the program is started with the command:`w2.exe gutenberg_shakespeare`the output should look like:`Command Line:1: w2.exe2: gutenberg_shakespeare

0-arg Constructor a.size = 0 records1-arg Constructor b.size = 1293934 recordsCopy Constructor c.size = 1293934 recordsCopy Assignment a.size = 1293934 records

Execution Times:0-arg Constructor 790 nanoseconds1-arg Constructor 4377977955 nanosecondsCopy Constructor 1976590065 nanosecondsCopy Assignment 2004531426 nanosecondsDestructor 3478640044 nanoseconds`

**Note:** The execution times will be different every time you run the program! Everything else should match.

## *At-Home*

For this part of the workshop, upgrade the `Text` class to include a **move constructor** and a **move assignment operator**. No other modules need to be changed.

### Sample Output

When the program is started with the command:`w2.exe gutenberg_shakespeare`the output should look like:`Command Line:1: w2.exe2: gutenberg_shakespeare

0-arg Constructor a.size = 0 records1-arg Constructor b.size = 1293934 recordsCopy Constructor c.size = 1293934 recordsCopy Assignment a.size = 1293934 recordsMove Constructor d.size = 1293934 recordsMove Assignment a.size = 1293934 records

Execution Times:0-arg Constructor 790 nanoseconds1-arg Constructor 4010433846 nanosecondsCopy Constructor 2002725409 nanosecondsCopy Assignment 1926967415 nanosecondsMove Constructor 790 nanosecondsMove Assignment 394 nanosecondsDestructor 3538222832 nanoseconds