[Solved] EE5216 Homework1-Characterization of a Phase Detector

Objective: Characterization of a Phase Detector

• Experience to be Learnt from this Homework:

To get familiar with the SPICE simulation for the characterization of a timing sensitive circuit and then convert the results into a behavior model. Such a model can be used to support more efficient system-level simulation using Verilog simulators.

• Step-by-Step Procedure

Consider the design and characterization process for a Phase Detector (PD) used to determine the polarity of the phase of two clock signal. The two 1GHz input clock signals are named clk_ref and clk_target. The output is an onebit flag signal, called lead_lag. At each clock cycle, if the rising edge of clk_target arrives earlier than that of clk_ref, then the output lead_lag becomes 0 (to indicate a leading condition). On the other hand, if the rising edge of clk_target arrives later than that of clk_ref, then the output lead_lag becomes 1 (to indicate a lagging condition).

• Compose the SPICE circuit files for each of the 3 PDs discussed in class (1) simple Flip-Flop based PD, (2) A sense amplifier based PD, and (3) racing based PD with 2 Flip-Flops, 1 racing circuit, and 1 SR latch. (30%)
• Run pre-layout SPICE simulation with two scenarios in terms of the two clock signals (1) clk_target lags clk_ref by 10ps, and (2) clk_target leads clk_ref by 10ps. Report your output waveforms, respectively for the 3 types of PDs. (10%)
• Run pre-layout SPICE simulation to characterize the Flipping Input Phase (FIP) using the sweeping input stimuli shown in Fig. 1 below. Note that the Input Phase here is defined as the the phase of clk_ref minus the phase of clk_target. Use a table to summarize the FIB values of the 3 different PDs. Note that, for a PD, a smaller absolute FIP value indicates a higher resolution. Rank the resolution of the 3 different PDs. (30%)

Input Phase -10ps -9ps 0ps +9ps +10ps

(a) Sweeping Input stimuli to derive Flipping Input Phase (FIP) value

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 Input Phase (ps)

(b) The lead/lag signal of a PD (indicating a FIP value of -2ps)

Fig. 1. Illustration of the Flipping Input Phase (FIP) value of a PD.

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• Try to compose the behavior model for each of the 3 PDs using Verilog while including the FIB values you have derived in (c). Also, develop a testbench in Verilog generating the above sweeping input stimuli to verify that your behavior models are correct in producing the expected FIP value for each of the 3 different PDs. (30%)