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Frames
Common Sense Reasoning
Frames
Understanding
Scripts
Common Sense Reasoning
Lesson Preview
Function of frames
Properties of frames
Relationship between frames and previous topics
Frames for advanced sense-making
Is the frog dead or alive?
οdead
οalive
Where is the frog?
ο on the table
ο on the floor
ο in Ashok’s stomach
Is Ashok happy or sad?
ο happy
ο sad
Ashok ate a frog.
Ashok ate a frog.
Ate
subject : Ashok
object : a frog
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Ashok ate a frog.
Ate
subject : Ashok
object : a frog
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
David ate a pizza at home.
Ate
subject : David
object : a pizza
location : at home
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Angela ate lasagna with her dad last night at Olive Garden.
Ate
subject : Angela
object : lasagna
location : Olive Garden
time : night
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Ate
subject : Angela
object : lasagna
location : Olive Garden
time : night
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Ate
subject :
object : lasagna
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Person
name : Angela
surname : Smith
Restaurant
name : Olive Garden
location : Atlanta
price-range : $$
Properties of Frames
Represent stereotypes
Ate
subject : Ashok
object : a frog
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive :
object-is :
subject-mood :
Properties of Frames
Represent stereotypes
Provide default values
Ate
subject : Ashok
object : a frog
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Properties of Frames
Represent stereotypes
Provide default values
Ate
subject : Ashok
object : a frog
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : sad
Properties of Frames
Represent stereotypes
Provide default values
Exhibit inheritance
Animal
#-of-legs :
#-of-arms :
Ant (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 6
#-of-arms : 0
Human (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 2
#-of-arms : 2
Properties of Frames
Represent stereotypes
Provide default values
Exhibit inheritance
Animal
#-of-legs :
#-of-arms :
Ant (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 6
#-of-arms : 0
Human (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 2
#-of-arms : 2
job :
name :
Properties of Frames
Represent stereotypes
Provide default values
Exhibit inheritance
Animal
#-of-legs :
#-of-arms :
Ant (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 6
#-of-arms : 0
Human (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 2
#-of-arms : 2
job :
name :
Human (type of Animal)
#-of-legs : 2
#-of-arms : 2
job : Professor
name : Ashok
Class
Instance
Ate
subject :
object :
location :
time : noon
utensils :
Person
name : Haruto
Restaurant
name : Pizza Hut
Haruto ate a pepperoni pizza at Pizza Hut at noon.
What sentence is expressed by these frames?
Pizza
type : pepperoni
Shape
name : x
shape : triangle
size : large
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : y
shape : circle
size : medium
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : z
shape : circle
size : small
fill : true
inside :
above :
x
y
z
inside
above
above
x
y
z
Shape
name : x
shape : triangle
size : large
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : y
shape : circle
size : medium
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : z
shape : circle
size : small
fill : true
inside :
above :
x
y
z
inside
above
above
x
y
z
Shape
name : x
shape : triangle
size : large
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : y
shape : circle
size : medium
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : z
shape : circle
size : small
fill : true
inside :
above :
x
y
z
inside
above
above
x
y
z
Shape
name : x
shape : triangle
size : large
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : y
shape : circle
size : medium
fill : false
inside : x
above :
Shape
name : z
shape : circle
size : small
fill : true
inside :
above : x, y
x
y
z
inside
above
above
x
y
z
Shape
name : x
shape : triangle
size : large
fill : false
inside :
above :
Shape
name : y
shape : circle
size : large
fill : false
inside :
above : x
Shape
name : z
shape : circle
size : small
fill : true
inside : y
above : x
x
y
z
Complete the frame representation of the figure above.
Cognitive System
Reaction
Metacognition
Input
Output
Semantic
Episodic
Procedural
Working Memory
inning : 7th
portion : top
runners : 2nd and 3rd
outs : 2
batter : Prado
average : .256
bats : right-handed
score : 3-2
goal : escape inning
Cognitive System
Reaction
Metacognition
Input
Output
Semantic
Episodic
Procedural
Working Memory
Ate
subject :
object :
location :
time :
utensils :
object-alive : false
object-is : in-subject
subject-mood : happy
Today, an extremely serious earthquake of magnitude 8.5 hit Lower Slabovia, killing 25 people and causing $500 million in damage.The President of Lower Slabovia said that the hard-hit area near the Sadie Hawkins fault has been a danger zone for years.
Write a frame representation of this story on the right.
Earthquake
day : Today
location : lower Slabovia
damage : $500 million
fatalities :25
faultline : Sadie Hawkins
magnitude : 8.5
time :
type :
duration :
Today, an extremely serious earthquake of magnitude 8.5 hit Lower Slabovia, killing 25 people and causing $500 million in damage.The President of Lower Slabovia said that the hard-hit area near the Sadie Hawkins fault has been a danger zone for years.
Write a frame representation of this story on the right.
Today, the President of Lower Slabovia killed 25 proposals totaling $500 million for research in earthquake prediction.Our Lower Slabovian correspondent calculates that 8.5 research proposals are rejected for every one approved.There are rumors that the President’s science advisor, Sadie Hawkins, is at fault.
Assignment
How would you use frames to design an agent that could answer Raven’s Progressive Matrices?
To recap…
Structure of frames
Properties of frames
Frames with other representations
Story understanding
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