PowerPoint Presentation
Constraint Propagation
Visuospatial Reasoning
Constraint Propagation
Visuospatial Reasoning
Lesson Preview
Definition
Image processing
Natural language understanding
Advanced problems
Which of these wireframes depicts a 3D figure that could exist in the real world?
ο
ο
ο
ο
ο
ο
Which of these sentences are grammatically correct?
ο Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.
ο Soft drinks due from thank bills insurance.
ο The treating physician persons the following excluded tasty.
ο Wall decor notifies business cards of nonsensical whims.
ο Tuesday brought a sharp-edged suite of pumpernickel.
ο Go search or revoke to writing this present understand.
Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.
Constraint propagation: a method of inference that assigns values to variables characterizing a problem in such a way that some conditions (called constraints) are satisfied.
Pixels
Lines
Lines
Surfaces
Surfaces
3D
Lines
Surfaces
Constraints
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
Constraints
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
W
L
L
W
Y
L
W
Label each intersection according to the applicable constraint on the right.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
1
3
4
2
5
6
7
8
9
Label each line according to the constraint on the right.
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
L
L
Y
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
L
L
Y
blade
blade
blade
blade
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
L
L
Y
blade
blade
blade
blade
fold
fold
fold
Y-Constraint
W-Constraint
L-Constraint
T-Constraint
blade
fold
fold
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
blade
blade
fold
L
L
Y
blade
blade
blade
blade
fold
fold
fold
Y-Constraint
L-Constraint
blade
blade
blade
fold
fold
blade
fold
blade
fold
fold
fold
W-Constraint
fold
blade
fold
blade
fold
blade
blade
fold
blade
Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.
Constraints:
Sentence = Noun Phrase + Verb Phrase
Noun Phrase = [Adjectives] + (Noun or Pronoun)
Verb Phrase = Verb + [Adverb]
Noun Phrase
Verb Phrase
Colorless green ideas
sleep furiously.
Adjectives
Noun
Verb
Adverb
Colorless green
ideas
sleep
furiously
Soft drinks due from thank bills insurance.
Constraints:
Sentence = Noun Phrase + Verb Phrase
Noun Phrase = [Adjectives] + (Noun or Pronoun)
Verb Phrase = Verb + [Adverb]
Assignment
How would you use constraint propagation to design an agent that could answer Raven’s progressive matrices?
To recap…
Definition
Image processing
Natural language understanding
Advanced problems
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